Polishing and abrasive are two related but distinct processes used for finishing surfaces. While both processes involve the removal of material from a surface, there are several key differences between the two.
 

Polishing is a process that involves smoothing a surface to create a shiny, reflective appearance. It is typically performed using a rotating polishing wheel or pad and a polishing compound, which is a mixture of fine abrasive particles suspended in a lubricant. The abrasive particles are typically very small, usually around 1-5 microns in diameter, and are designed to remove very fine scratches and imperfections from the surface. Polishing is often used to create a smooth and glossy finish on metals, plastics, and other hard materials.
 

Abrasive, on the other hand, refers to any material that is used to grind, cut, or shape another material by friction or impact. Abrasives can be made of a wide range of materials, including natural minerals like diamond and garnet, as well as synthetic materials like ceramic and silicon carbide. Abrasives are typically much larger than polishing particles, ranging in size from a few microns to several millimeters in diameter. They are used in a variety of applications, including grinding, cutting, sanding, and polishing.
 

The main difference between polishing and abrasive is in the level of surface finish that they can achieve. Polishing is designed to create a very smooth and reflective surface, while abrasive is typically used to remove larger amounts of material to achieve a desired shape or surface roughness. Abrasive can be used to create a smooth surface, but it will not produce the same level of shine or reflectivity as polishing.
 

Another key difference between the two processes is in the type of equipment and tools that are used. Polishing typically requires a polishing wheel or pad, as well as a polishing compound, while abrasive can be performed using a wide range of tools, including grinding wheels, sandpaper, and cutting tools.
 

In summary, polishing and abrasive are two distinct processes used for finishing surfaces. While both involve the removal of material from a surface, polishing is designed to create a very smooth and reflective surface, while abrasive is typically used to remove larger amounts of material to achieve a desired shape or surface roughness.